Tourism and neurodiversity: A problematization and research agenda

Summary of the study

This study examines the concept of neurodiversity and its application in tourism. A critical analysis based on the social model of disability shows that neurodiversity has been insufficiently problematized in tourism research. Using the example of the challenges of designing vacations for families with autistic children, it is shown how tourism providers and governments have failed to identify the necessary changes to meet the needs of neurodivergent people and to clearly define the responsibilities for their implementation. From this discussion, a framework for action is developed with three levels of responsibility: Governments, the tourism system and neurodiverse families. Finally, a research agenda for the future study of tourism and neurodiversity is presented, with particular reference to the social model of neurodiversity and the responsibilities of the tourism industry, tourists and governments (including non-profit organizations). This results in a call to all tourism researchers to advance neurodiversity research using this framework and research agenda.

Key findings of this study

• Neurodiversity has been insufficiently problematized in tourism, leading to a neglect of this travel group.
• Governments and tourism providers have failed to recognize the needs of neurodivergent people and implement the necessary adjustments.
• The study presents a tripartite responsibility framework that holds governments, the tourism system and neurodiverse families accountable to create inclusion.
• Neurodiverse families currently bear a disproportionate burden of responsibility for their vacation experiences, which contradicts the social model of neurodiversity.
• There is an urgent need for research and action to apply the social model of neurodiversity to break down barriers and enable equitable vacation experiences.

Publication: Allan Jepsona, Raphaela Stadler, Brian Garrod (2024)