Living Labs as an instrument for sustainable destination development

Abstract of this book contribution

Previous research has shown that living labs are highly processual and dynamic constructs that change their focus depending on specific contexts and spaces. Currently, a variety of definitions exist that have in common that living labs provide an open space to develop innovative solutions in real-world contexts by involving multiple stakeholders and bringing in their different perspectives and resources. Although the interest in living labs in tourism research is limited, tourism destinations are ideally suited for them as they span different spaces and foster collaboration between different stakeholders.

To investigate the role of living labs in sustainable destination development, this paper conducts a case study analysis using the example of PIZ Montafon in Vorarlberg, Austria. The results show that living labs offer high potentials by involving different stakeholders, raising awareness for sustainable development and promoting innovative concepts. Success factors are a supportive environment, clear goals and management commitment, while challenges lie in communication and expectations of decision-makers. The implementation of living labs requires a customized approach that takes local contexts into account and is open-ended.

Findings from this study

• Versatile potential for sustainable development: Living Labs such as the PIZ Montafon offer considerable potential by serving as a protected space for free thinking and the development of innovative concepts and products. They actively involve various interest groups in work and event formats, promote awareness of sustainability and contribute to the generation of knowledge and the creation of added value for society.
• Clear success factors: The success of living labs depends on several factors, including a committed and professional core team, clear and flexible objectives, a long-term perspective, the creation of space for innovation, carefully planned communication and strong commitment and commitment from the management.
• Despite their potential, living labs face challenges. These include, in particular, difficulties in communication (e.g. in reaching target groups), high expectations of quick and tangible results on the part of decision-makers, external criticism, a partial lack of understanding of the legitimacy of the project and the inherent complexity of the issue of sustainability in rural regions.
• The implementation of living labs requires an individual and customized strategy that takes into account the specific local contexts and needs of the respective destination.